中國(guó)石化新聞網(wǎng)訊 據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)2023年8月11日?qǐng)?bào)道，除了地緣政治沖突之后的那段時(shí)間外，歐洲加氫型煉油廠的盈利能力目前處于歷史最高水平。
國(guó)際能源署（IEA）日前在其最新的石油市場(chǎng)報(bào)告(OMR)中表示，盡管歐洲經(jīng)合組織煉油廠的盈利能力接近歷史最高水平，但6月份煉油廠的平均利用率僅為81%，比去年同期減少了53萬(wàn)桶/天，使歐洲煉油成為“運(yùn)營(yíng)表現(xiàn)不佳的中心”。
IEA表示，最重要的是，歐洲煉油商無(wú)法利用最近油價(jià)上漲和煉油利潤(rùn)率提高帶來(lái)的好處。
至于歐洲煉油業(yè)的前景，這是“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”。IEA表示，世界其他地區(qū)的煉油問(wèn)題可能也會(huì)很嚴(yán)重。在歐洲，第三季度的煉油廠日產(chǎn)量預(yù)計(jì)將同比減少60萬(wàn)桶。經(jīng)合組織美洲國(guó)家的煉油廠日產(chǎn)量將減少25萬(wàn)桶。
由于歐洲、美國(guó)和亞洲極端氣溫，煉油廠的運(yùn)行受到限制，這在冷卻空氣和水的必要步驟方面產(chǎn)生了技術(shù)問(wèn)題。IEA還指出，制裁是煉油廠面臨障礙的一部分，尤其是那些過(guò)去從德魯日巴管道接收原油和原料的煉油廠。而且，由于并非所有等級(jí)原油都相同，依賴重等級(jí)原油的煉油廠(目前供應(yīng)緊張)無(wú)法滿負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，而使用輕等級(jí)原油的煉油廠則是滿負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。這也意味著煉油商無(wú)法充分利用他們升級(jí)的產(chǎn)能。
歐洲和美國(guó)也受到計(jì)劃外煉油廠停產(chǎn)的打擊，例如埃克森美孚公司的巴吞魯日煉油廠，瓦萊羅能源公司在得克薩斯州的麥基煉油廠，殼牌公司在鹿特丹港的佩尼斯煉油廠，英國(guó)石油公司的印第安納煉油廠和道達(dá)爾能源公司在得克薩斯州的亞瑟港煉油廠。
李峻 譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)
原文如下：
IEA: European Refiners Aren't Taking Advantage Of Higher Margins
Profitability among Europe’s hydroskimming refineries is now the highest on record, with the exception of the time immediately following the geopolitcal conflicts.
But even with profitability at a near all-time high, utilization in European OECD refiners averaged just 81% in June—530,000 bpd less than the same month last year and making European refining the “epicentre of the operational underperformance,” the IEA said in its latest Oil Market Report (OMR).
The bottom line, according to the IEA, is that refiners are incapable of taking advantage of the recent price hikes and better margins.
As for the outlook for European refining, that’s “challenging”. Refining issues will likely be rampant in other parts of the world as well, the IEA said. For Europe, refinery runs in the third quarter are expected to be 600,000 bpd under Q3 last year. OECD Americas countries will see refinery runs 250,000 bpd less y/y.
Refinery runs have been constrained due to extreme temperatures in Europe, the United States, and Asia, which creates technical problems with the necessary step of cooling air and water. The IEA also cited sanctions as part of refinery hurdles, particularly for refineries that in the past received crude and feedstocks from the Druzhba pipeline. And because all grades are not equal, refineries that rely on heavier grades—of which is now in tight supply—are not running at full capacity, while refineries that use lighter grades are maxed out to compensate. It also means that refiners are unable to fully utilize their upgrading capacity.
Europe and the United States have also been hit with unplanned refinery outages, such as Exxon’s Baton Rouge refinery, Valero’s McKee refinery in Texas, Shell’s Pernis refinery in Rotterdam, BP’s Indiana refinery, and TotalEnergies’ Port Arthur refinery in Texas to name just a few.
