中國(guó)石化新聞網(wǎng)訊 據(jù)管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)7月3日?qǐng)?bào)道，根據(jù)工業(yè)信息資源公司IIR(Industrial Info Resources)的研究顯示，美國(guó)是液化天然氣出口的全球主要力量，支持全球能源安全，考慮到最終投資決定（FID）預(yù)計(jì)將帶來(lái)數(shù)十億美元的收益，這一潛力可能會(huì)更大。
對(duì)美國(guó)液化天然氣的主要出口商之一切尼爾能源公司來(lái)說(shuō)，6月是忙碌的一個(gè)月。
上周，與挪威能源巨頭Equinor達(dá)成了類(lèi)似的協(xié)議。切尼爾表示，這兩項(xiàng)協(xié)議都將支持該公司在路易斯安那州Cameron Parish的薩賓帕斯出口終端的擴(kuò)建計(jì)劃。
切尼爾目前有6條生產(chǎn)線在運(yùn)行，峰值產(chǎn)能為每天45.6億立方英尺。另一條生產(chǎn)線的計(jì)劃將把運(yùn)力提高到53.2億立方英尺/天。
算上薩賓帕斯的擴(kuò)建項(xiàng)目，IIR發(fā)現(xiàn)，從現(xiàn)在到2024年有價(jià)值275億美元的FID即將或等待批準(zhǔn)。緊隨其后的是卡塔爾，預(yù)計(jì)到明年潛在FID將達(dá)到150億美元。
IIR負(fù)責(zé)油氣研究副總裁Gordon Gorrie表示，“我們?cè)诿绹?guó)有一個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端，有兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)獲得FID批準(zhǔn)，即森普拉的亞瑟港項(xiàng)目，年產(chǎn)能為660萬(wàn)噸，全球風(fēng)投（Venture Global）的Plaquemines二期項(xiàng)目，年產(chǎn)能為1350萬(wàn)噸”。
根據(jù)聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在6月21日當(dāng)周內(nèi)，22艘滿(mǎn)載液化天然氣的船只離開(kāi)美國(guó)出口碼頭，總共運(yùn)送了820億立方英尺的液化天然氣。相比之下，2019年同期僅為391億立方英尺，這還不包括疫情因素和地緣政治沖突影響。
在短期內(nèi)，液化天然氣出口能力將以遞增的速度增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)顯示，從2022年到2023年，液化產(chǎn)能預(yù)計(jì)將增加14%，達(dá)到121億立方英尺/天，但從現(xiàn)在到2024年，這一擴(kuò)張速度將放緩至5%，屆時(shí)產(chǎn)能將達(dá)到127億立方英尺/天。資本流動(dòng)表明，這一速度將加快。
液化天然氣增長(zhǎng)的勢(shì)頭在資本流動(dòng)中表現(xiàn)得很明顯。去年，美國(guó)的FID總額為182億美元，而根據(jù)工業(yè)信息公司的歷史數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年的投資并沒(méi)有任何變化。
預(yù)計(jì)到9月，還有Calcasieu Pass終端的幾條生產(chǎn)線將上線。除此之外，得克薩斯州黃金通道的三條生產(chǎn)線預(yù)計(jì)2025年投入使用，路易斯安那州Plaquemines終端的兩個(gè)階段也將投入使用。與此同時(shí)，亞瑟港的兩條生產(chǎn)線已在建造中，預(yù)計(jì)將于2027年完工。
郝芬 譯自 管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)
原文如下：
Research Shows US LNG Sector Poised for Nearly $30 Billion in FIDs
The U.S. is a global leader in exports of LNG, supporting global energy security, and there could be even more potential given the billions of dollars expected from final investment decisions (FIDs), according to research by Industrial Info Resources.
It's been a busy month for Cheniere Energy Inc., among the lead exporters of U.S.-sourced LNG. The company on June 26 signed a 20-year sale and purchase agreement with a division of China's ENN Natural Gas Company Ltd.
That followed a similar agreement reached last week with Norwegian energy major Equinor. Both agreements, Cheniere said, would support planned expansions to its Sabine Pass export terminal in Cameron Parish, Louisiana.
Cheniere has six trains running now with a combined capacity of 4.56 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in peak nameplate capacity. Plans for another train would boost that capacity to 5.32 Bcf/d.
Counting expansions to Sabine Pass, Industrial Info finds there are $27.5 billion worth of FIDs that are either upcoming or awaiting approval between now and 2024. The next closest is Qatar, with an expected $15 billion in potential FIDs by next year.
"We are off to a good start here in the U.S. with two projects already obtaining FID approval, namely Sempra's Port Arthur rated at 6.6 million tonnes per annum and Venture Global's Plaquemines Phase II rated at 13.5 million tonnes per annum," said Gordon Gorrie, IIR's vice president of oil and gas research, said.
Federal data show 22 vessels laden with LNG left U.S. export terminals during the seven-day period ending June 21, carrying a combined 82 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of gas in the liquid form. That compares to just 39.1 Bcf during the comparable week in 2019, to discount both the pandemic and the war.
The momentum for LNG is apparent in capital flows. FIDs in the U.S. totaled $18.2 billion last year and Industrial Info data show nothing moving in investments during 2021.
Over the short-term horizon, LNG export capacity expands at an incremental pace. From 2022 to 2023, federal data show an expected 14% increase in liquefaction capacity to 12.1 Bcf/d, but the expansion slows to 5% between now and 2024, when capacity reaches 12.7 Bcf/d.
But the capital flows suggest the pace will pick up. Several more trains are expected to come online from the Calcasieu Pass terminal by September. Beyond that, a three-train facility at Golden Pass in Texas should be online by 2025, as will both phases of the Plaquemines terminal in Louisiana. Two trains, meanwhile, are already under construction at Port Arthur, where construction should be completed by 2027.
